Pile fabric



July 20 1926. 1,593,528

J. T. GARVIN ET AL PILE FABRIC Fild Nov. 9, 1925 jNVENToRS taff "it Patentes? STATES PATENT @FFHQ -JAIMES T. GAB/VIN, OF SAXONVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS, AND CHARLES H. COLLINS, OF COLONIE, NEW YORK.

PILE FABRIC.

Application led November 9, 1925.

Our invention relates to pile fabrics, and the object of our invention is to produce improved pile fabrics which will have the general appearance of chenille goods as at present manufactured, but the structure whereof will be a modification of a pile wlre fabric. l.

In the manufacture of chenille goods 1n accordance with the present general practice. severa-l preliminary operations are required before the materials are ready for the loom. The weft goods must first 'be woven, then cut into narrow strips of different lengths, after which they are placed in the sheds partly by hand and partly by power, in the manner known to those familiar with the art of producing such goods by the present usual process. The obJect of this invention is to produce a fabric of a quality superior to but having the same appearance as do chenille goods made by the present process and in the usual manner; fabrics which may be produced directly from the yarns and wholly by mechanical means, and in which the stuffer warps will be concealed in a manner not heretofore accomplished in pile wire fabrics, and the back weft shots secured by the warps in such a manner as to give the effect of a basket weave.

The manner in which we construct our improved fabric, so as to accomplish these objects, is illustrated in the accompanying` drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a diagrammatic longitudinal section through our improved fabric, Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of a piece thereof. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the manner in which the selvage warp laces through the weft yarns so as to prevent the picks from being drawn back into the sheds, Fig. 4 is part longitudinal section and part edge view of our improved fabric, and Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the manner in which the weft yarns in the lower plane are woven into and held by the binder warps. The face or pile warps and the stuffer warps being omitted from the diagram.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section through a modification of our improved fabric, Fig. 7 is a part longitudinal section and part edge view thereof, and Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the manner in which the weft yarns in the lower plane are woven into and held by the binder Seriall No. 67,773.

warps. The pile warps and stuffer warps are omitted from the diagram. Figs. 5 and 8 also show the basket-like back weave. The same reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings it will be plainly seen that our improved fabric comprises but two sets of binder warps, B2 and B3; one set of face or pile warps P; and one set of stuffer warps S, and weft yarns which cross the fabric in two planes which are se varated by the stuffer warps.

7e now prefer to use a single weft yarn which will cross and re-cross the fabric, as this will make it possible to weave the fabric on a loom which has but a single shuttle. It is, however, obvious that this fabric could be woven in a loom provided with rise and fall shuttle boxes, one inserting the yarn in the upper, and the other the yarn in the lower weft plane. If the fabric is made on such a loom the upper and lower weft yarns may be of different materials if desired, and the size of the lower weft yarn may be increased so that a fabric willy be produced which will have as firm a back as does the modified fabric illustrated, and in which an extra pick is inserted in the same shed and laid in the lower weft plane to compensate for or fill up in that plane the amount of space which in the upper plane is occupied by the pile warps. This insures the complete covering and concealment from view of the stuffer warps, thereby giving to the back of the fabric an all wool basket-like effect.

Each individual pick of weft yarn, whether laid in the upper or lower weft plane, is driven to the fell before the succeeding pick is inserted, thus producing a firm. closely woven single pile fabric.

While the modified fabric illustrated, in which the lower weft plane is filled by a set of three picks of the same weft yarn as that used in the upper weft plane. will have a somewhat firmer back than that first illustrated, that which is first illustrated is sufficiently firm, and is now preferred by reason of its requiring less yarn, and so being less expensive to produce.

In the preferred form of this improved fabric, eight picks of the weft yarn, four in the upper and four in the lower weft plane, with two crossings of the binder war s and the insertion of two pile wires (in icated in Fig. Vl by dotted triangles) in conjunctionrwith the changes in the selvage warps, completes a cycle in the weaving-of the fabric. YRefer now especially to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, in which that part thereof lying between the Yvertical broken lines illustrates one full cycle in the weaving. The binder warps being crossed as at i0, the first pick in the upper weft plane is placed under the binder warps B2 but -over the binder warps B3, the stutter warps S and the pile warps P, andis driven to the fell; the second pick p2, and the third pick p3, both in the lower weft plane and in the same shed, are next placed over the binder warp B3, but under the other warps, a pile wire meantime being insertedunder the pile warpY but over the other warps, each of these picks being singly7 driven up; the fourth pick in the upper weft plane is then placed as was the pick pl, it too being driven to the fell, and the binder warps then crossed as at l2, completing the first half of the cycle of weaving. During the remaining half of the weaving cycle, the picks p5, p?, p7, and p8 (and another pile wire) are inserted as in the first half except that the positions Yof the Vbinder warps are reversed until theyare again crossed as at 14, and the-Y cycle completed. ItV will be noted that picks p2 and 03, laid in the lower weft plane during the first half of the weaving cycle, are placed in one -binder warp shed, and that picks p and p7 laid in the lower weft plane during the last half of the Yweaving cycle, are placed in the succeeding binder warp shed.

The weft yarn, between succeeding picksthereof is passed around or over a selvage warp E, one of which is located at each end of the regularrseries of warps, which so anchors the weft yarnfthat when theY succeeding pick is made, which is of course in the opposite direction, nthat it cannot be drawn back into the shed, and so insures a perfect lay of the weft yarn and a satisfactory sei-vage being formed on the fabric.

In the diagrams we have shown but two pilegwarps and two stutter warps interposed between the pairs of binder warps, but we contemplate the use of a greater number.

It is absolutely necessary that the selvage motion be reversed between the 2nd and 3rd, and 6th and 7th picks, in order to prevent the weft from being being withdrawn or pulled back in the open shed, as the warps do not cross between said picks. The sets of picks which lie wholly in the same shed are always laid in the lower weft plane. While we prefer to have the selvage motion reversed between each pick, it is not absolutely necessary.

Lacasse IVe claim:

l. A multiplane cut pile fabric comprising a set of pile warps with loops formed thereinythe tops of said loops being severed, a continuous weft yarn lying in upper and lower weft planes, stuffer warps separating thefweft planes, and binder warps embrac- -ing two picks of weft in the upper weft shed, and selvage warps at both edges of the:

fabric about which :the continuous weft loops. Y

2. A multiplane closely woven pile fabric comprising a set of pile warps, a continuous` weft yarn lying in upper and lower weft planes, stuifer warps separating the weft planes, and binder warps embracing two picks of weft in the upper plane and ai plurality of picks in the lower plane between theV crossings of the binder warps the continuous weft forming at least two successive picks in the lower plane which are in the same shed, and a selvage Vwarp at one edge of the fabric around which the continuous weft loops whereby the picks laid in the same shed are prevented from being drawn inward beyond the edge ofthe fabric.

3. A multiplane cut pile fabric comprising a set of pile loops with loops therein, the tops of said loops severed, a continuous weft yarn lying in upper and lower weft planes, stuffer warps between the weft planes, and binder warps embracing two picks of weft-in the upper weft plane and more than one pick in the lower weft planel between the crossings of the binder warps` the picks of weft in the upper` plane being above and the picks of weft in the lower plane being below both the pile and stu'el warps, the continuous weft forming two successive picks in the upper plane, which are separated by the binder warp crossings, and at least two successive picks in the lower plane which are in the same shed, and a sel vage warp at one edge of the fabric about which the continuous weftV loops and when-- by the picks of weft laid in the same shed are prevented from being drawn inward be yond the edge of the fabric.

In testimony whereof we have affixed our signatures.

JAMES T. GARVIN. CHARLES H. COLLINS. 

